Lefapheng la boenjiniere ba lik'hemik'hale, ho finyella mekhoa e sebetsang le e sebetsang ea karohano le ho hloekisa ke habohlokoa haholo. E 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoahali tšimong ena ke yuniti ea ho hula le ea mahloriso. Yuniti ena e tsoetseng pele e kopanya letoto la mahlale a ho ntša, ho arola le ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho metsoako e lakatsehang. Yuniti e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa liindastering tse fapaneng, ho tloha ho tsa meriana ho isa ho ho hloekisa petroleum.
Molao-motheo o ka sehloohong oa ts'ebetso ea yuniti ea ho hula le ea mahloriso ke ho khetha ka mokhoa o ikhethileng karolo e le 'ngoe kapa tse ling tse lakatsehang ho tsoa ho motsoako o sebelisang solvent e loketseng. Ts'ebetso ena e na le thuso ka ho khetheha ha ho aroloa metsoako ea bohlokoa ho tsoa ho metsoako e rarahaneng, kaha e lumella ho ntšoa ho lebisitsoeng ha mefuta e lakatsehang. Ka ho sebelisa li-solvents tse fapaneng, mocheso, likhatello le mekhoa ea karohano, lienjineri li ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho hula bakeng sa katleho e kholo.
E 'ngoe ea melemo e ka sehloohong ea ho sebelisa yuniti ea ho hula le ea mahloriso ke bokhoni ba ho khetha likarolo tse itseng ha u ntse u siea lintho tse sa batleheng ka morao. Khetho ena e nolofalletsa ho arohana ha metsoako ea bohlokoa ho tsoa litšila, e hlahisang lihlahisoa tsa ho qetela tse hloekileng haholo le tse tsepamisitsoeng. Ka mohlala, indastering ea meriana, likarolo tsa ho ntša li sebelisoa ho arola metsoako e sebetsang ea meriana (APIs) ho tloha ho limela kapa mehloling e meng ea tlhaho. Sena se nolofalletsa tlhahiso ea meriana e sebetsang haholo e nang le litšila tse fokolang.
Monyetla o mong oa bohlokoa oa likarolo tsa ho hula le ho tsepamisa mohopolo ke ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale. Ka ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho likarolo tse lakatsehang, baenjiniere ba fokotsa boholo ba tharollo ea ho ntša, e fokotsang litlhoko tse latelang tsa ts'ebetso. Ntlafatso ena e fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla, tšebeliso ea solvent le litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ka kakaretso. Ho feta moo, litharollo tse tsepamisitsoeng hangata li ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tse tlase tse kang crystallization kapa distillation, tse eketsang tlhahiso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo.
Mekhatlo ea ho hula le ea mahloriso e sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho ntša metsi, joalo ka metsi-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE) le supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), ho itšetlehile ka thepa ea metsoako le sephetho se lakatsehang. LLE e kenyelletsa ho qhibiliha ha likarolo ka mekhahlelo e 'meli ea mokelikeli e sa khoneheng, hangata mokelikeli o nang le metsi le motsoako oa tlhaho. SPE e sebelisa matrices a tiileng joalo ka khabone e kentsoeng kapa gel ea silika ho khetha likarolo tse lakatsehang. SFE e sebelisa mokelikeli o ka holimo ho ntlha ea bohlokoa ho eketsa ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho ntša. Theknoloji ka 'ngoe e na le melemo ea eona' me e khethoa ho latela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa ts'ebetso.
Ntle le ho ntšoa, karolo ea mahloriso ea sesebelisoa e bohlokoa ka ho lekana. Ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho finyelloa ka ho tlosa mokelikeli ho tsoa tharollong ea ho ntša, ho siea e ka ba tharollo e tsitsitseng kapa masala a tiileng. Mohato ona o netefatsa hore likarolo tse lakatsehang li teng maemong a holimo haholo, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho tsoela pele ho sebetsa kapa ho li sekaseka. Mekhoa e sebelisoang bakeng sa ho tsepamisa mohopolo e kenyelletsa mouoane, distillation, ho omisa ka leqhoa, le ho hloekisa lera, har'a tse ling.
Evaporation ke mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo oa ho tsepamisa mohopolo oa tharollo. Ha ho futhumala, solvent e fetoha mouoane, e siea solute e teteaneng. Ts'ebetso ena e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa likarolo tse tsitsitseng tsa mocheso. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, distillation e sebelisoa ha ntlha e belang ea solvent e le tlase haholo ho feta ea motsoako o lakatsehang. Distillation e arola metsoako e hlapollang ho likarolo tse ling ka ho futhumatsa le ho etsa mouoane. Ho omisa ka leqhoa ho sebelisa lipotoloho tsa ho qhibiliha le ho fokotsa khatello ea ho tlosa mokelikeli, ho siea sehlahisoa se omileng, se teteaneng. Qetellong, ho hloekisoa ha membrane ho sebelisa li-membrane tsa permselective ho arola solvent ho likarolo tse kopaneng.
Qetellong, likarolo tsa ho hula le ho tsepamisa mohopolo li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale liindastering tse fapaneng. Yuniti e kopanya mekhoa ea ho ntša e kang LLE, SPE le SFE ho tlosa likarolo tse lakatsehang ho tsoa motsoakong. Ntle le moo, e sebelisa mekhoa e mengata ea ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ho kenyelletsa mouoane, distillation, ho omisa le ho sefa membrane, ho eketsa bongata ba motsoako o lakatsehang. Ka hona, yuniti e etsa hore ho be le ts'ebetso e sebetsang hantle le e theko e tlaase ea karohano le tlhoekiso, e hlahisang lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo. Ebang ke indastering ea meriana, ea ho hloekisa oli kapa liindasteri tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale, likarolo tsa ho hula le ho tsepamisa mohopolo ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa ho lelekisa bokhabane.
Nako ea poso: Aug-23-2023